When a Sub-patched object is Sub-divided each patch is divided by the Sub-Patch level. For example say your Sub-Patch level is 4, so each Sub-Patch in your object is divided by 4x4, so each polygon (or Sub-Patch) is then automatically 16 polygons because its being divided 4x4 and smoothed thats why it can be much smoother than a polygon because when divided by the Sub-Patch level it is actually many polygons. When you freeze a Sub-Patched object you are turning each Sub-Patch into actuall polygons thats why it adds so many polygons to the object. If you hit o in modeler you can control the Sub-Patch level if you set it to 6 then the Sub-Patch are divided 6x6 and then each Sub-Patch would become 36 Polygons.
Set the view to "Wireframe Prespective" in the Prespective view and zoom in close and look at the patches carefully you can see the Division of the patches (add speculaitry to the surface and its easyer to see). Try zooming in close to the patch and then set it to 0 and watch the patch then set it to 1 then 2 then 3 and you can see the Sub-Patch being divided.
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